A Research Study On Bottlenose Dolphins - 1188 Words

Bottlenose dolphins are among the most familiar cetaceans, just as whales. The Bottlenose dolphin is a primitive member of the subfamily Delphinine. Bottlenose dolphins are grey, varying from dark grey at the top near the dorsal fin to very light grey and almost white at the underside. There are two ecotypes of bottlenose dolphins the coastal and the offshore. The Coastal dolphin has a small body and large flippers to increase agility and heat dissipation. They have a limited movement into offshore waters and like shallow warm water near the shore. Coastal dolphins for the most part remain in their region. The Offshore dolphin has a large body to help conserve heat and defend itself against predators. They are less restricted in range and movement and like deep, cold waters. Offshore dolphins in the North Atlantic have migratory patterns that follow prey distribution. Bottlenose dolphins live in groups typically of 10–30 members, called pods, but group size varies from single individuals up to more than 1,000. In a case study performed by Randall Wells who is the leader of the longest study of dolphin population since 1970, it was discovered that there are three main factors that influence migration: Seasonal changes in prey location, predation pressure and reproductive requirements. (Wells, 1980). In the fall dolphins follow mullet fish when they migrate from the bays into the Gulf of Mexico to spawn. Dolphins experience the most predation pressure during the summer whenShow MoreRelatedThe Research On Marine Mammal Captivity1332 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: In recent years, animals in captive environments such as zoos and theme parks have grown more controversial. The literature I have reviewed focuses on a particular group of animals in captivity, cetaceans. Cetaceans include whales, dolphins, and porpoises. The literature includes a range of themes, from their unique level of intelligence to why they may mentally and physically suffer in captive environments. However, it all connects to how and why these animals live and behave differentlyRead MoreThe Importance Of Effective Communication And Human Communication2537 Words   |  11 Pageshumans communicate; however, some research suggests that animals use language-like abilities to communicate as well (CS212OC M4, L1, F, 2014). For example, we studied the communication skills of parrots and bees (two animals thought to possess astonishing communication abilities), and compared their communication practices to human communication practices (CS212OC M4, L1, F, 2014). Throughout this p aper, we will be looking at the communication skills of bottlenose dolphins, while comparing and contrastingRead MoreDolphin Foraging Techniques Essay examples1358 Words   |  6 PagesBottlenose dolphins are known to use sea sponges as tools when foraging for food in the ocean. This behavior is referred to as â€Å"sponging†. â€Å"Sponging† refers to when these particular dolphins put a sea sponge over their rostrum (snout area) and use it to help collect food. Different explanations have been given as to why Bottlenose Dolphins engage in this behavior. It has been perceived that young dolphins learn this behavior from their mothers. Researchers are also exploring the option that a differentiationRead MoreMarine Mammals : Public Display And Research Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pagesfish nutrients the scientists determined that captive dolphins can acquire adequate nutrition if they are fed a combination of capelin and herring. This table represents the chemical pro file of their diet through fish. By feeding both of these fish to the dolphins it will ensure that they are getting balanced water, protein, and fat content. Another case study was done by Marine Mammals: Public Display and Research in 1994 to investigate the dolphins’ caloric requirements depending on their sex, ageRead MoreHow Animals Talk Like Humans1197 Words   |  5 Pagesare also used by many animals. Our habit to anthropomorphize other species has swayed many research projects that remain popularly believed. This principle of an existing human bias has debunked several studies including a famous study that came to the conclusion that pigs are able to express themselves in a way that allows them to interact coherently with humans. In fact, the humans being observed in the study had allowed themselves to apply a previous context on the pigs despite the animals actingRead MoreEssay on Bottlenose Dolphins2377 Words   |  10 PagesBottlenose Dolphins This essay is NOT formatted Bottlenose dolphins are among the most vocal of the nonhuman animals and exhibit remarkable development of the sound production and auditory mechanisms. This can be seen in audition, which is shown in the animal’s highly refined echolocation ability, and in tightly organized schools in which they live that are made up by sound communication. In testing the communication skills of dolphins, extensive studies have been done on vocal Read MoreA Case Of Nuturant Care : Adoption Of A Presumed Delphinus Calf By Bottlenose Dolphin3289 Words   |  14 PagesSHORT COMMUNICATION A novel case of nuturant care: Adoption of a presumed Delphinus calf by bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Far North waters, New Zealand. CH Petersa* and KA Stockina aCoastal-Marine Research Group, Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand Worldwide inter-specific behavioural interactions in the order Cetacea are diverse and often complex. Epimelatic care can be described as nurturant or Succorant in nature. Adoption canRead MoreA Brief Note On The Scottish Coastal Waters1795 Words   |  8 Pagestime for the populations around Scotland to reproduce. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Tursiops truncatus can be seen inshore on the east and west coasts; on the north coast and in the northern isles in some occasion. The Moray Firth supports the bottlenose resident dolphins in the North Sea. This is a small population with around 195 individuals that lives along the Moray Firth down to the east coast (Firth of Forth). These dolphins are between 3 and 4 metres in length and are normally inRead MoreArgumentative Essay on the Pros and Cons of Dolphins Living in Captivity2012 Words   |  9 PagesArgumentative Essay on the Pros and Cons of Dolphins Living in Captivity versus the Pros and Cons of Dolphins Living in the Wild. The Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) are probably the most popular species of dolphins around. Coming under the order of Cetecea and the family of Delphinidae, the bottlenose dolphins are closely related to whales and are highly intelligent creatures (source 7). They are widely distributed around the world in the deep tropical and sub-tropical seas asRead MoreDrive Hunting in the Oceans2156 Words   |  9 Pagesof small whales, many dolphin species and some porpoises. They are killed in various manors, ranging from accidental ship strikes to the more morally controversial yearly drive hunts. As you may know nearly all cetaceans use some sort of sound production in order to navigate waters, communicate with other individuals and groups of their respective species as well as capture prey (Brownell et al., 2008). An example of this is the variety sounds produced by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)

The Cold War - 1120 Words

Cold War In 1945 after WWII the United States and the Soviet Union became divided as far as how they felt Europe should be divided. This began the period of conflict called the Cold War. The Cold War was â€Å"a state of political hostility between countries characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare†(dictionary.com).The USSR believed in communism, where the US believed in democracy. The US was between two potentially hostile nations, the US designed a Buffer Zone to prevent any overt acts of aggression.At the end of WWI,I almost all of the eastern European countries were occupied by Russia these countries were known as Satellite States. The distrust between the two nations began at the Yalta Conference which included the three big powers: Churchill (Great Britain),Stalin (Soviet Union), and Roosevelt (United States of America). Stalin wanted more control as far how Europe progressed after WWII, where Roosevelt believed Europe should hold free election and determine their political system and rivalry between the two superpowers and began the Cold War. Some might blame the Americans for the causing for the Cold War because of the American’s wanted to occupy the countries, but the Soviet Union bares the responsibility for the Cold War because of their actions in Eastern Europe, by the military expansionism of Stalin and his successors, and the principles presented in the Iron Curtain Speech . Some might argue that the United StatesShow MoreRelatedThe War Of The Cold War1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War was a state of political and military tension stemming from World War II fought primarily between the United States and the Soviet Union. Although the start and end dates of the Cold War are frequently disputed over, it is generally accepted that the conflict started at the conclusion of the Second World War and stemmed from the social climate and lingering tensions in Europe and the increasing power struggles between the Soviet Union and the United States. Along with economic separationRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War Essay1525 Words   |  7 PagesOne major war ended and another to begin. The Cold war lasted about 45 years. There were no direct military campaigns between the United States and Soviet Union. However, billions of dollars and millions of lives were lost. The United States emerged as the greatest power from World War 2. (Give Me Liberty 896) The countr y boasted about having the most powerful navy and air force. The United states accounted for about half of the world’s manufacturing capacity, which it alone created the atomic bombRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War757 Words   |  4 PagesAs tensions continued to augment profoundly throughout the latter half of the Cold War period, they brought forth a movement from a previous bipolar conflicting course, to one of a more multipolar nature. These tensions were now not only restricted to the Soviet Union and United states, but amongst multiple other nations of the globe. It became a general consensus that a notion of ‘peace’ was sought globally, hence, the emergence of dà ©tente. The nature of this idea in the short term conveyed itselfRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War961 Words   |  4 Pages1945, beginning year of the Cold War. The development of cold war just started after the end of world War ||. The cold war was the result of conflict between two powerful co untry Soviet Union and United State. The war was regarding to the lead the world after the World War ||. The Soviet Union wanted to emerge its power to the world and so do the United States too. The research paper mainly focused on various reasons of opposition of two great power of the world Soviets and United States of AmericaRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe U.S. learned greatly after having been declared the victor of the Cold War. Retired four-star U.S. Army general Colin Powell said, â€Å"The long bitter years of the Cold War are over. America and her allies have won; totally, decisively, and overwhelmingly† (Reed 343). The Cold War started after World War II in 1947 and ended in 1991. The U.S. underwent a political war with the Soviet Union in hopes of advancing more rapidly in certain fields, such as nuclear weapons and space crafts. Avoiding nuclearRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War886 Words   |  4 Pagesin an infamous battle against id eologies: The Cold War. Even though war took place during this time, both powers were not involved in battle directly, hence the name cold war. The war mainly consisted of assumed and implied threats of nuclear attacks and political control over states in Europe. Even before 1945, the beginning of the Cold War, tension brewed between the U.S and the U.S.S.R. Both sides had differing views on Europe s state after the war. For instance, programs like the Marshall PlanRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesDuring World War II, the United States, Britain, and Russia all worked together to take down Hitler. Although after the war, the coordination between the U.S. and Russia became extremely tense which inevitably lead to the Cold War. The U.S. was worried that Russia would spread communism after World War II. Russia was concerned with the U.S. arms increase and intervention in international affairs. The distrust between the two nations resulted in the Cold war which lasted until 1991. In 1946, WinstonRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War was a result of what happened at the end of World War 2. At the end of World War 2, the Soviets held a grudge against the U.S for their delayed entrance in the World War resulting in deaths of thousands of Russians resulting in the appearance of the Cold War .The Cuban Missile Crisis was a significant flashpoint in the Cold War because it was the moment two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict. This crisis, while posing the very real threat of global annihilation, also led toRead MoreThe War Of The Cold War942 Words   |  4 PagesFeelings Do Matter At the close of World War Two in 1945, the United States entered another kind of war, the Cold War, which did not involve two adversaries in open battle fields using bullets against the Soviet Union. Throughout the Cold War, incidents fueled feelings of anxiety, mistrust and pride. Often pride is defined as â€Å"a feeling that you are more important or better than other people† (Pride). Mistrust on the other hand is the â€Å"feeling that someone is not honest and cannot be trusted†,Read MoreThe War Of The Cold War1737 Words   |  7 Pages Cold War The Cold War, which is often dated from 1945 to 1989, was a constant state of political and military tension between powers in the West, dominated by the United States with NATO among its allies, and powers in the East, dominated by the Soviet Union along with the Warsaw Pact. The development of Nuclear Weapons and long range shooting missiles by the United States gave a lot of fear and caused mass destruction. The Cold War came about after World War II when America used their atomic bombs

Mongol Empire Free Essays

Mongol Empire Free Essays Wenda Qian MGMT 470 02/26/2013 Mongolia Mongolia is landlocked country between China and Russia; it is located in north Asia, and the current population is 2. 87 million. Ulan Bator is the  capital  and the largest city; there are about 45% of the population lives in there. We will write a custom essay sample on Mongol Empire or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mongolia’s  political system  is a  parliamentary republic, multi-party system including 16 parties; and it is a member of the United Nation. I decide to interview a Mongolian, because as a Chinese, I have never been familiar with this neighbor. My interviewee is called Anka, she is my good friend, a financial major student, we know each other for three years, and I often play basketball with her brother. Anka was sent to a Chinese school when she was 6, she learned Chinese for almost 12 years, so her Chinese is perfect. In Mongolia, Chinese school is very expensive. Her father think learning Chinese is useful to do businesses; in order to enhance the communication and business between Mongolia and China, they can come to China without a visa. The interview took place in the library. Before the interview, I made some research about Mongolia’s history. In 1203 AD, Mongolia was founded by nomadic tribal groupings under the leadership of Genghis Khan; the meaning of name is â€Å"universal king†. Mongolian was very good at fighting wars; China was briefly ruled by Mongolia in Yuan dynasty. From 1691 to 1911, Mongolia was controlled by the Manchu, China was also, thus Mongolia was a province of the Qin dynasty at that time. After the Manchu fall in 1911, the Russian Government forced the new Chinese Republican Government to accept Mongolian autonomy under continued Chinese control. At long last the Mongolian People’s Republic was proclaimed on November 25, 1924. The relationship between Tibet and Mongolia are old and deep, Tibetan Buddhism became a major religion among Mongolian people, but religion was prohibited in 1930, a lot of monks were arrested. Until 1990, freedom of religion again came back to Mongolia. Democratic Revolution also occurred in early 1990, it ended the 70-years domination of socialism. For the culture, I start with language and religion; there are 21 ethnic groups in Mongolia, but they speak the same language, just a little different pronunciations, but they are all able to understand each other. In China, there is a province called In-Mongolia, but the Mongolian ethnic group of China can’t communicate with Mongolian, the language is mostly different. There are 95% of the populations in Mongolia follow Buddhism, most of them are old people, the other 5% follow Christianity which is a new religion appear in Mongolia for recent 5-6 years, and young people are the majority. For marriage customs, currently Mongolian people follow the western style with wedding dress; the traditional marriage custom is Mongolia cheongsam in green and yellow. In Mongolia, the legal marriage age is 18 for both male and female, most choose to marry at 19 years old. Young people have marriage freedom now, they can choose their lover, it is not decided by father as before, and male’s parents are required to go to female’s home to propose marriage, female doesn’t change the family name after marriage. During the wedding, both man and woman have to hold a blue silk with sliver cup fill with wine on the right hand, every friend and relative sip the wine from the sliver cup. Many Mongolian families have 2-3 kids, and the women go to work, very few stay at home to be a housewife. The exactly same as China, Mongolia also has a spring festival; it is the one of two big traditional holidays in Mongolia, people wear white cheongsam in spring festival, and the color means â€Å"lucky†. The last day before the spring festival, people have to eat foods from the morning to the night, they can’t be hungry at that day, and the foods include dumpling, horse meat and milk tea. From the Lunar New Year’s day to the third day, Mongolian put a very big meat on the table, family and visitor can eat it. The other traditional holiday is naadam (July 11-13), people watch wrestling, horse racing and archery contests on TV, and eat meat pie. Mongolian people like to eat meat much more than vegetable. For economic, Mongolia’s main exports partner is China, the trades include mineral products, natural or cultured stones, jewelry, textiles, animal origin products, hides and skins. Mongolia’s main import partners are Russia and China, the trades include mineral products, machinery, equipment, electric appliances, recorders, TV sets and spare parts, vehicles, food products and base metals. The Mongolian government put more and more attentions on education; the educational system is 4 years for primary school, 5 years for middle school and 3 years for high school. Because Mongolia uses compulsory educational system, when the children meet the school age, the government will force their parents to send the children to school. After graduating from high school, students have to take a college entrance examination, it would judge their ability to go to college, it is the same educational system in China. The Mongolian government focus on infrastructure, but the road condition is not good. However, along with economic growth, the other infrastructure such as railways and airports develop fast, in general, they are getting better. The business opportunities are immense in Mongolia, this country develops quickly, and they have young and well-educated people, but they also face many challenges. Mongolia is a landlocked country; the transportation is expensive, and the environment issue such as air pollution. With globalization of world economy, Asia plays a bigger role than before; Mongolia is a part of it. However, this country is still very young, even though it has a very long history. They need to know how to attract more foreign investments and tourists. Based on these points, Mongolia will obtain more success. Interview 1. What is the most different you think between Mongolia and America? Food, chicken and pork are very expensive in Mongolia, but they are much cheaper in America. And it is really hard to find Mongolian foods in America. (Chicken and pork are not expensive in China, I think the biggest difference is culture and value, food is also an important factor) 2. So, what is your favorite Mongolian food? Horse meat, camel meat and dumpling. I didn’t know horse and camel can be kinds of food before, I was shocked when she told me that, but I will like to try them if it is possible) 3. What is the most common sport in Mongolia? Nowadays, I think basketball and soccer are very popular now. (I agree, basketball is also common in China) 4. Is electronic products popular in Mongolia? Yes, especially iPod products, many people buy them, HP computer is als o popular. Compare Japanese electronic product, Mongolian people prefers American electronic products. (In China, Japanese, Korean and American products are all popular, I don’t think these products have too many ifference) 5. What are the roles of the women in Mongolia when it comes to business? Women go to work now, and they gain more freedom and rights than before. (It is the same in China) 6. Does Mongolian yurt still exist now? Yes, shepherds still live in the Mongolian yurt. People like to live in the apartment now, and the walls are thick, thus the noisy won’t affect the neighbor. (Yurt was the old house for Mongolian people in the past, now they have better choices) 7. Is college entrance examination difficult in Mongolia? Yes, the math is very hard, but there still are 35%-40% of students can go to college. Math is my nightmare; there is also college entrance examination in China, only few can go to college, now there are more and more) 8. Do you think doing b usiness between Russia and Mongolia is similar with doing business between China and Mongolia? In the past, we did a lot of businesses with Russia; we trade clothes, foods and animal fur, because the wolves are few in Russia, so the furs are very expensive. Currently, it is prohibited to sell furs, but still happens in the black market. Nowadays, we have many deals with China; it is similar with doing business with Russia. Along with globalization, more and more communications will appear) 9. Is car getting common in Mongolia? Japanese and Korean cars are popular in Mongolia, because they are comfortable, the seats are soft. Car traffic becomes a new problem recently, too many families have cars, and the roads are not wide enough, so the government makes a new policy to control the situation. The last one or two number of license plates decide when the car can or cannot enter to the city, for example, the last number of the license plates on my father‘s car was 3, so my father cannot drive on Tuesday and Saturday. I think China has this problem, too. The Mongolian government shows us a great way to Restrict on vehicle) 10. How do you learn both Chinese and English at the same time? I learned Chinese since primary school, meanwhile I learn English from a Chinese English teacher. However, the generation before me learned Russian, because Russian was important at that time. My grandpa can understand the material from the Russia channel. (I learned English since middle school; I think kids are good at learning a new language) 11. If you can go to another country you like, which one would you like to go to? I will go to Japan, because the technology is developed in there. (I agree, Japan is a good place for travel, and foods are very delicious) 12. What are some problems that your society suffers from? The Mongolian government, it is chaos. For example, they steal tax income from the citizen, and they never admit the behavior. (I think this is also happened in my country, maybe China is even worse, government always spends money on useless projects, and people do not know how and where they spend the money) 13. What do you think about your race .. What are you proud of .. not proud of ..? I am proud to be a descendant of Genghis Khan. What I am not proud to be is that the low population and the development of Mongolia is slower than the other Asian countries. (For me, I am proud to be a Chinese, even my country has so many problems, but I believe Mongolia and China will become better and better) Reference 1. Mongolia Exports. (n. d. ). TRADING ECONOMICS | 300. 000 INDICATORS FROM 196 COUNTRIES. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from http://www. tradingeconomics. com/mongolia/exports   2. Mongolia Imports. (n. d. ). TRADING ECONOMICS | 300. 000 INDICATORS FROM 196 COUNTRIES. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from http://www. tradingeconomics. com/mongolia/imports   3. Education in Mongolia – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n. d. ). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Education_in_Mongolia   4. History of Mongolia. (n. d. ). History of Nations. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from http://www. historyofnations. net/asia/mongolia. html   5. INFRASTRUCTURE IN MONGOLIA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES. (n. d. ). Monoglia. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from http://www. associm. com/newsletters/pdf/INFRASTRUCTURE_final. df   6. Jiang, S. (n. d. ). Problems in Mongolia. mongolia. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from http://mongoliaparadise. tripod. com/problems. html   7. Mongolia History . (n. d. ). Mongolia Travel, Mongolia Travel Agency, Hotels, Travel to Mongolia. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from http://www. discovermongolia. mn/country/history. html   8. topic. (n. d. ). 1990 Democratic Revolution in Mongolia – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved February 28, 2013, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1990_Democratic_Revolution_in_Mongolia How to cite Mongol Empire, Papers

Developing B2B Social Communities

Question: Discuss about the Report on Developing B2B Social Communities? Answer: Introduction This particular assignment mainly deals with the concept of food business and food marketing. The name of the company in this particular assignment is Food Retailers (Baines, Fill Page, 2011). Food Retailers one of the most popular food retail companies across entire United Kingdom. This particular company is an arbitrary company mainly deals with different kinds of food items. This particular company mainly deals with different kinds of packaged food as well as dry food. This particular company is one of the most popular company is very much popular in entire Europe and organized its business across all the major cities of the work. Food industry is generally exists in the perfectly competitive market formation. The features of perfectly competitive market formation are different and unique from each other. All the companies doing business in the perfectly competitive market formation face the majority of the challenges. The food retail sector as well as the food retail industry is one of the vast retail sector management. Prospect of the industry The entire food industry is one of the most popular and growing industry across the world. The United Kingdom food industry as well as the United Kingdom Retail management comprises of over 21200 food stores in entire United Kingdom. The entire food sector in United Kingdom is divided into many sectors and retail chains (Baines, Fill Page, 2011). The entire food and retail management sector is one of the most vast retail sector management and the average growth rate of this entire industry is 5.6% as per the latest statistical report (Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013). The rapid growth in the entire food industry since from the year 2000 was remarkable in entire United Kingdom. Due to increase in the raise in the completion level all the companies has adopted different kinds of pricing decisions and pricing decision as well as the pricing strategies. This particular food sector comprises nearly 45% of the entire food industry in entire United Kingdom. Development of Food Sector Industry Year Total Sales Percentage of change in sales Percentage of total Sales 2000 57,253,522 52.33% 45.25% 2001 58,555,854 53.25% 46.27% 2002 60,545,558 55.96% 47.30% 2003 68,548,552 57.33% 49.22% 2004 71,565,525 59.55% 51.58% 2005 73,548,232 65.55% 52.45% 2006 75,258,855 69.22% 55.85% 2007 77,522,858 71.22% 57.28% 2008 79,625,254 75.23% 59.25% 2009 81,52,525 77.23% 61.85% 2010 87,53,550 73.33% 63.49% Table 1: Development of Food Sector Industry and Prospect of the industry (Source: Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013) Figure 1: Development of Food Sector Industry and Prospect of the industry (Source: Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013) Demographical factors of United Kingdom Demographical factor is one of the most important factors of any kinds of business. The demographics factor is related with the study of population. United Kingdom is one of the largest Empires in the entire world (Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013). Different kinds of people reside from each part of the world with different cultural background (Baines, Fill Page, 2011). The prospect of entire food market in United Kingdom is very much diversified. This is due to the cultural factors of the country as in United Kingdom people come and join from different sectors with different cultural background (Smith Murphy, 2012). However, several strategic issues are present as per the demographic factors of the firm. Consumption and expenditure of the people in United Kingdom In entire United Kingdom, different kinds of people come from different kinds of cultural backgrounds (Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013). There are many sectors in the food and retail management to identify the growth of opportunities. As per the latest statistical report of the year 2012, the consumption expenditure of the food market in entire United Kingdom is mentioned in the following tables and graphs (Stevens, 2007). Food items Age Range Percentage of uses Sugar Products 18-25 years 25.33 Vegetables 25-32 years 27.25 Red Meat 18-33 years 29.22 Milk and Dairy Products 25-45years 35.69 Fish Products 25-50years 23.33 Oil Products 15-35years 17.23 Tea 15-55years 77.25 Coffee 15-60years 78.23 Nodules 5-35years 81.25 Fruits 5-70years 91.25 Cheese Products 15-35years 87.25 Fruit Juice 5-55years 83.25 Ice Cream Products 5-75years 95.69 Pulses and Nuts 15-65years 85.33 Table1: Popularity of the food items (Source: Developed by the Author) Table1: Popularity of the food items (Source : Lackmann, Ernstberger Stich, 2011) From the above chat, the percentage of food items uses in the entire United Kingdom is mentioned (Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013). The researcher of this statistical report has developed different kinds of research strategies as well as research methodology in order to conclude about the demand and supply of the food items in entire United Kingdom. The researcher has developed different kinds of data collection method in order to collected proper information in order to support the statistical survey (Lackmann, Ernstberger Stich, 2011). The majority of the people in United Kingdom preferred dairy products followed by packaged products such nodules, cheese products, fruit products, ice cream products, pulses and nuts, etc (Schneible, 2015). Development of Corporate Strategies with respect to strategic management issues Several strategic issues can occur in the respective business environment. At present, there are four kinds of marketing structure in the entire market. The four kinds of market formation are perfectly competitive market formation, monopoly market formation, monopolistic market formation and oligopoly market formation. All the features of all the market formation differs from each other. The majority of the food industry as well as retail industry exist in the perfectly competitive market formation. The features of the perfectly competitive market formation are unique and different as compared with other marketing structure. The most important part of this particular market formation is all the buyers as well as all the sellers buyers and sells a homogenous product (Brooks, Lovett Creek, 2013). The meaning of the word homogenous is any particular product, which is easily available in the market. Another part to be noted in this particular market sector the entry and exits of any par ticular firm is free. Ay firm can start a business at any point of time. In the entire United Kingdom, the options of all the buyers in the entire food retail sectors are well diversified (Lackmann, Ernstberger Stich, 2011). The majority of the challenges faced by the entire retail firm are in the perfectly competitive market formation. The purchasing as well as the buying decisions of the buyers in this particular market is more diversified. If any particular group of buyers is not satisfied with any particular product of any particular brand, the entire group of customers will easily shift to the next best alternative brand in order to fulfill the requirements. The business strategies need to be develop properly in order to meet the requirements. Some of the most important business strategies are mentioned below (Lackmann, Ernstberger Stich, 2011). Pricing Strategies Pricing Strategy is one of the most important strategies in the entire marketing structure. The mode of pricing strategy can be considered to be an important issue for the given business organizations. Different kinds of firms adopt different kinds of pricing strategies. There are many kinds of factors, which are involved in the pricing strategies (Caudevilla-Galligo et al., 2012). The most important factor, which is involved in the entire pricing strategy, is the customer buying decision (von der Heidt Quazi, 2013). The pricing factors influence the entire purchasing decision of the customers. Goddy Mill is a particular company, which exits in the perfectly competitive market formation (Kubacki Rundle-Thiele, 2012). This particular company needs to construct all the strategies mainly the pricing strategies by analyzing the demand and supply of the market. The entire food retail management in the United Kingdom exits in the perfectly competitive market formation (Schneible, 2015). Different kinds of Customers spending in food and retail sector Food Items Percentage of uses Groceries 56% Home Cooking 42% Outside Eating 34% Vacation Travel 41% Table 1: Customers spending in food and retail sector (Source: Developed by the Author) Figure 2: Customers spending in food and retail sector (Source : Caudevilla-Galligo et al., 2012) To avoid the strategic business issue of the firm, there is several business strategies, that the firm can implement. These are as follows:- Consumer Behavior strategies There are different kinds of Consumer Decision strategies are implemented in by this particular company in this market formation (Caudevilla-Galligo et al., 2012). There are many factors, which effects the buying decisions of the customers. In a perfectly competitive market formation all, the options of the buyers are diversified (Kotler, Kartajaya Hooi, 2007). There are different kinds of customer demands and wants in the entire marketing structure. On the other hand, it is not possible for every seller to fulfill all the demands and wants of each buyer at a single point if time (von der Heidt Quazi, 2013). The majority of the firms including this particular company need to develop all the strategies as per the requirements of the buyers and the market (Lilleker, 2013). Customer Retention Strategies In a perfectly competitive market, structure the majority of the challenges faced by all the companies to maintain the customer retention policy (Palmer, 2011). As mentioned in a perfectly competitive market formation the majority of the buyers get all the purchasing option in a much-diversified manner (Caudevilla-Galligo et al., 2012). The pricing decision is made as per the demands and supply of the market. The concept of customer retention policy is the concept of repurchasing (Thorson Duffy, 2012). The majority of the company including Goddy mills tries to follow unique features in order to maintain the customer retention policy in the market (Harden Heyman, 2011). In order to maintain a proper customer retention policy the firms adopt the different kinds of research work as well as different kinds of research methodology in order to gather the complete information about the demand and supply of the market (Harden Heyman, 2011). In a particular market, there are different kind s of customers demands and different kinds of customers want. On the other hand, it is not possible for each firm to meet all the requirements of the customers as the demand of the are in continuous manner (Kotler, Kartajaya Hooi, 2007). All the decisions and all the requirements should be made by Goddy Mills in order to maintain a good customer retention policy and to construct the entire marketing plans as per the requirements of the market (Lilleker, 2013). Challenges and major issues in the corporate business management Challenges are the integrated part of every business. Depending upon the nature of the business different minds of challenges and barriers occurs in an organization (von der Heidt Quazi, 2013). There are different kinds of challenges faced by the company in a market (Daniel, 2012). Some of the major challenges, which are faced by all the companies, in general are discussed in a much-diversified manner. Integrity and change management Integrity means gathering all the activities of the activities in the organization by maintaining all the resources of the organization and by following all the laws and ethics (von der Heidt Quazi, 2013). Due to increase in the level of competition, it is not possible for all the companies to maintain all the rules and regulations of the organization by following all the ethics of the organization. It is one of the major challenges faced by all the companies in the modern day business and proceedings (McKinley, 2012). Increase in the level of competition The second major problem in the increase in number of firms doing similar kinds of business in the market. This particular assignment is based on the retail management and food industries. All the firms who are involved in this particular business all exits in the perfectly competitive market formation. The features of the perfectly competitive market formation are unique and different for each other (Daniel, 2012). Different kinds of challenges faced by the companies in this particular market formation. The level of competition is much higher as compared with kinds of market formation. It becomes very difficult for all the companies to maintain the same level of business (Kotler Armstrong, 2012). Maintaining customer Loyalty and customer services In a perfectly competitive market formation, there are different kinds of problems faced by the business firm in order to continue business. The options of the buyers are more diversified in this particular market formation (Harden Heyman, 2011). Maintaining the customer retention policy is the major challenge faced by the company. In order to maintain a strong customer retention policy the company needs to arrange all the policies of the business according to the requirements of the customers. If the customers are satisfied with the service of the company the company will surly able to maintain a customer retention policy. Customer Loyalty is the most important factor in the entire market (Daniel, 2012). Every company wants to develop different kinds of unique business strategies in order to maintain a good customer retention policy (McKinley, 2012). Rationale and creativity of the company This particular case study mainly deals with all the products and services of Goddy Mills. Goddy Mills is one of the most popular food and retail chain management in the entire United Kingdom. Generally, all the food industry and food sector management falls under the perfectly competitive market formation (Eid, 2013). The features of the perfectly competitive market formation are unique as well as different from each other. There are different kinds of corporate strategies are developed by the business firm in order to compete in the market. In a perfectly competitive market formation all the buyers and sellers buys and sells different kinds of homogenous products (Murphy, Laczniak Prothero, 2012). The meaning of the word homogenous is any kinds of products are easily available in the entire market (Kotler Armstrong, 2012). Different kinds of major challenges that every business firms faced in the daily proceedings of the business are discussed in a much-diversified manner in this particular assignment. Most importantly, the demographic factors are mentioned in a much-diversified manner, which will help all the major companies to conclude about the taste and preferences of the market (Murphy, Laczniak Prothero, 2012). This particular case study as well as this particular assignment will help different companies in order to construct different plans and proceedings in the entire marketing structures (Tieman Che Ghazali, 2013). Organizational Structure Organizational Structure and Processes, Information systems and the management of relationships are important to organize for strategic success. The structure of an organization should be clear and its best structure depends upon its member. It helps to organize for strategic success. The structure of an organization helps to increase its productivity, increase employee satisfaction as well as improve the operating costs. It allows identifying the positions within an organization (Camenisch Gro, 2012). The processes of the organization categorize a team to support the structure in place for efficient execution of strategy. It makes a shared understanding of the existing realism to ground the strategic discussion as well as process in realism. Information system is the crucial factor in the process of handling the problems and making decisions (He, Song and Chaudhry, 2013). The structure of the organization balances the complexity of the strategy with the challenges in its implementation. One of the successful tools is to be considered available to the company to its structure of the organizations (He, Song Chaudhry, 2013). The priorities of the strategy are to be reflected in the structure of the organization. The strategy requires centralized control and decentralized its flexibility. It designed to encourage the development of the product and generates its competence through consistency. The configuration of the organization designed to maintain the priorities that are necessary by the strategy (Krlak Strumio, 2011). A major modification in the strategy accomplishes by its change in its structure. From the viewpoint of information system, it is necessary to remember the areas of the activity of the business that contribute to the successful of the strategy. The corporate governance, development of product as well as marketing plays an important role in the strategic ways that it must be one domain of activity that are the sources of the success of strategy (Kuznetsov, 2014). These all are the dependent on the effective information system and it manages the information related to business. Mainly, the relationship between the information system as well as the management helps to build a good strategy for the organization. Information system provides the management as well as other personnel up to date information regarding the performance of the organization such as the companys current inventory as well as its sales (Lima, Sali Kostic, 2013). Specially, the information system is designed within an organization to capture and transmit its information that is used in more proce ss of the business. The strategic information system develops the business initiatives. It intends to give competitive advantage in the organization. It helps the company to store and transfer the information they create (Wen, 2014). It offers the company the tools to help in their information repositories, also allows them to recognize the growth in opportunities and improves their operational efficiency. The management information system is the key factor to facilitate its efficient decision-making within an organization (Yuan Akey, 2013). It extends that the information system implements a successful decisions in the company. The management also distracts from its strategy by the chances that repeatedly explode. Therefore, the relationship among the information system as well as the management of the company helps to build a good strategy for the organization (ZHANG, 2012). This particular assignment mainly deals with the business policy of the f(Tieman Che Ghazali, 2013). This particular company mainly deals with retail and food industry management in entire United Kingdom (Eid, 2013). This particular company falls under the perfectly competitive market formation. There are different kinds of corporate challenges faced by this particular company. Different kinds of innovative and strategic decisions are made by the companies in order to develop different kinds of business strategies, which will help to compete in the market and to find different kinds solutions to solve some specific market problems (Kotler Armstrong, 2012). Conclusion This particular assignment mainly deals with a company named as Goddy Mills. Different kinds of invocative policies are developed by this particular company in order to compete in the market. The features of the perfectly competitive market formation in this particular market formation. Different kinds of corporate challenges as well as corporate strategies are mentioned in this particular assignment. 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